历届真题

湖南统招专升本《大学英语》练习题

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Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 12o words according to the outline given below in Chinese.
What electives to choose
1. 各大学开设了各种各样的选修课
2. 学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课
3. 以你自己为例……

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning ) (15 minutes)
Universities Branch Out
    As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
   In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students form around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
   Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
   Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity——and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
   Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, post doctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in china, and Chinese graduate students, post doctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
     As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施) and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
      For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politician recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
      American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. Universities, and corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.
   Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and — like immigrants throughout history — strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视) values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.

1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become_________.
A) more and more research-oriented B) in-service training organizations
C) more popularized than ever before D) a powerful force for global integration
2. Over the past three decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased__________.

A) by 2.5 million                             B) by 800,000
C) at an annual rate of 3.9 percent               D) at an annual rate of 8 percent
3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?
A) 10%              B) 20%              C)30%              D)38%
4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?
A) They organize a series of seminars on world economy.
B) They offer them various courses in international politics.
C) They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.
D) They give them chances for international study or internship.
5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities’ globalization is __________.
A) Yale’s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research
B) Yale’s helping Chinese universities to launch research projects
C) Yale’s students exchange program with European institutions
D) Yale’s establishing branch campuses throughout the world
6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?
A) It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.
B) It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.
C) It was intentionally created by Stanford University.
D) It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.
7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?
A) It has increased by 3 percent.                 B) It has been unsteady for years.
C) It has been more than sufficient.            D) It doubled between 1998 and 2003.
8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ____.
9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will_____.
10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ___.

Part III Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
11. A) She used to be in poor health.             B) She was popular among boys.
    C) She was somewhat overweight.         D) She didn’t do well at high school.
12. A) At the airport.          B) In a restaurant.

C) In a booking office.     D) At the hotel reception.
13. A) Teaching her son by herself.                 B) Having confidence in her son.
   C) Asking the teacher for extra help.         D) Telling her son not to worry.
14. A) Have a short break.                             B) Take two weeks off.
   C) Continue her work outdoors.                 D) Go on vacation with the man.
15. A) He is taking care of his twin brother.       B) He has been feeling ill all week.
   C) He is worried about Rod’s health.            D) He has been in perfect condition.
16. A) She sold all her furniture before she moved house.
B) She still keeps some old furniture in her new house.
   C) She plants to put all her old furniture in the basement.
D) She bought a new set of furniture from Italy last month.
17. A) The woman wondered why the man didn’t return the book.
   B) The woman doesn’t seem to know what the book is about.
   C) The woman doesn’t find the book useful any more.
   D) The woman forgot lending the book to the man.
18. A) Most of the man’s friends are athletes.

B) Few people share the woman’s opinion.
C) The man doesn’t look like a sportsman.

D) The woman doubts the man’s athletic ability.

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. A) She has packed it in one of her bags.

B) She is going to get it at the airport.
C) She has probably left it in a taxi.

D) She is afraid that she has lost it.
20. A) It ends in winter.                          B) It will cost her a lot.
   C) It will last one week.                       D) It depends on the weather.
21. A) The plane is taking off soon.          B) The taxi is waiting for them.
   C) There might be a traffic jam.            D) There is a lot of stuff to pack.
22. A) At home.   B) At the airport.     C) In the man’s car.     D) By the side of a taxi.

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
23. A) She is thirsty for promotion.                 B) She wants a much higher salary.
   C) She is tired of her present work.              D) She wants to save travel expenses.
24. A) Translator.             B) Travel agent.

C) Language instructor. D) Environmental engineer.
25. A) Lively personality and inquiring mind.

B) Communication skills and team spirit.
C) Devotion and work efficiency.

D) Education and experience.
Section B
Passage One
Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.
26. A) They care a lot about children.

B) They need looking after in their old age.
C) They want to enrich their life experience.

D) They want children to keep them company.
27. A) Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.

B) They are usually adopted from distant places.
C) Their birth information is usually kept secret.
D) Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.
28. A) They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.

B) They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.

C) They generally hold bad feelings towards their birth parents.
D) They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.
29. A) Adoption has much to do with love.

B) Understanding is the key to successful adoption.

C) Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.

D) Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.
Passage Two
Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.
30. A) He suffered from mental illness.

B) He bought The Washington Post.
C) He was once a reporter for a major newspaper.

D) He turned a failing newspaper into a success.
31. A) She committed suicide because of her mental disorder.
   B) She got her first job as a teacher at the University of Chicago.
   C) She was the first woman to lead a big U.S. publishing company.
   D) She took over her father’s position when he died.
32. A) Katharine had exerted an important influence on the world.

B) People came to see the role of women in the business world.
C) American media would be quite different without Katharine.

D) Katharine played a major part in reshaping Americans’ mind.

Passage Three

Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
33. A) It’ll allow them to receive free medical treatment.

B) It’ll prevent the doctors from overcharging them.

C) It’ll enable them to enjoy the best medical care.

D) It’ll protect them from possible financial crises.
34. A) They may not be able to receive timely medical treatment.

B) They can only visit doctor who speak their native languages.

C) They have to go through very complicated application procedures.

D) They can’t immediately get back the money paid for their medical cost.
35. A) They must send the receipts to the insurance company promptly.
   B) They have to pay a much higher price to get an insurance policy.
   C) They needn’t pay the entire medical bill at once.
   D) They don’t have to pay for the medical services.

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth ) (25 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
    By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.
While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.
    The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.
    Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in severs and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more the schools saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.
36. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?
A) All its courses are offered online.
B) Its online courses are of the best quality.
C) It boasts the largest number of students on campus.
D) Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.
37. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by _________.
A) a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements
B) the great diversity of students’ academic backgrounds
C) a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction
D) the casual relationship between students and professors
38. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ________.
A) earn their academic degrees with much less effort
B) save a great deal on traveling and boarding expenses
C) select courses from various colleges and universities
D) work on the required courses whenever and wherever
39. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?
A) There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.
B) The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.
C) There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.
D) Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.
40. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ________.
A) building up their reputation                 B) cutting down on their expenses
C) upgrading their teaching facilities            D) providing convenience for students

Passage Two
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.
   In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year.
   As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.
   A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”
   I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall. I offered suggestions first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.
   Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade. I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter’s experience.
   While steeping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.
41. What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.
B) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.
C) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.
D) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.
42. What did the author say about her own writing experience?
A) She did not quire live up to her reputation as a writer.
B) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.
C) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.
D) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.
43. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?
A) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.

B) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.
C) She wanted to share her stories with readers.

D) She had won a prize in the previous contest.
44. The author took great pains to refine her daughter’s stories because___________.
A) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance.
B) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so much
C) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dream of becoming a writer
D) she was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing
45.What’s the author’s advice for parents?
A) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.
B) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.
C) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.
D) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.

Passage Three Question 46-50 are based on the following passage

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:

Everything that is new or uncommon raises a pleasure in the imagination, and because it fills the soul with a pleasant surprise, satisfies its curiosity, and gives it an idea which it did not possess before. We are too much familiar with one set of objects and tired out with so many repeated shows of the same things and whatever is new or uncommon contributes a little to vary human life with the strangeness of its appearance: it serves us for a kind of refreshment, and takes off that satiety (厌腻) we tend to complain of in our usual and ordinary entertainment. It is this variety that gives our mind something new and relieves our attention from dwelling too long and wasting itself on any particular object. It is this, likewise, that improves what is great or beautiful, and makes it afford our mind a double entertainment. Woods, fields, and meadows are at any season of the year pleasant to look upon but never so much as in the beginning of the spring, when they are all new and fresh and not yet too much accustomed and familiar to the eye. For this reason there is nothing that makes a prospect more fascinating than rivers or sprays of water from fountains, where the scene is constantly shifting and entertaining the sight every moment with something new. We are quickly tired with looking upon hills and valleys, where everything remains fixed and settled in the same place and manner, but find our thoughts a little excited and relieved at the sight of such objects as are ever in motion and sliding away from beneath our eyes.

46.Which of the following contains the main idea of the passage?

A) Whatever is new is more worthwhile than that which is old.

B) Strangeness makes a thing fascinating.

C) We must change the old for the new to achieve variety.

D) We cannot evaluate the worth of an item until it is no longer new.

47.Woods, fields, and meadows are never so pleasant to look upon as in the　beginning of the spring because ______.

A) they satisfy our curiosity

B) they seem to us new and fresh after the long winter time

C) they are something unfamiliar to our eyes

D) they fill our souls with a pleasant surprise

48.The author find fountains fascinating because ______.

A) of the beauty of their appearance B) of the freshness of the water

C) of the movement of the water D) of the beauty of nature

49.The author's implied purpose in this passage is to ______.

A) entertain the reader B) prevent the reader from making mistakes

C) present an alternative view D) improve the readers' sense of right and wrong

50.Which of the following describes the development of the ideas in this passage?

A) The thought moves by association from one aspect to another.

B) The thought moves from a hypothesis to an application of the hypothesis.

C) The thought moves from a generalization to a series of observations to prove the generalization.

D) The thought moves from event to event in a time sequence.

Part V Vocabulary and Structure 10minutes

Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

51.Did it ever ________ you that he could be the murderer?

A) occur to B) occur in C) happen to D) happen with

52.Mary simply cannot refrain from talking about the party again and again; she had a wonderful time there, ________ she?

A) hadn't B) had C) didn't D) weren't

53.That tourist spoke English with a strong American ________.

A) accident B) accent C) absence D) access

54.He talked for almost an hour at the meeting, but what he said was not________.

A) to the point B) for the point　 C) at the point D) with the point

55.He had scarcely left the railway station ________ it started to rain.

A) than B) then C) when　 D) since

56.There was such a long line at the exhibition ________ we had to wait for about half an hour.

A) as B) that C) so D) hence

57.None of us expected the chairman to ________ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.

A) turn in B) turn over C) turn up D) turn down

58.The careless man received a ticket for speeding. He _____ have driven so fast.

A) can't B) wouldn't C) shouldn't D) mustn't

59.They always give the vacant seats to _______ comes first.

A) whoever B) whomever C) who D) whom

60.By the time he arrives in Beijing, we _______ here for two days.

A) will have stayed B) shall stay C) have been staying D) have stayed

61.He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won _______ and a　scholarship.

A) faith B) status C) fame D) courage

62.It is useful to be able to predict the extent ______ which a price change will affect supply and demand.

A) from B) with C) to D) for

63.Had he worked harder, he _______ the exams.

A) must have got through B) would have got through

C) would get through D) could get through

64.Once environmental damage _______, it takes many years for the system to recover.

A) has done B) is to do C) does D) is done

65.I don't think it advisable that Tom _______ to the job since he has no experience.

A) is assigned B) will be assigned C) be assigned D) has been assigned

66.Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he ______ his opinion.

A) struck at B) strove for C) stuck to D) stood for

67.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ______ other more well-informed experimenters failed.　

A) which B) that C) what D) where

68.After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute _______.

A) being settled B) to be settled C) had settled D) as settled

69.Plastic heart valves and other human "spare parts" have __________ many　recent developments in surgery.

A) been possible B) become possible C) been made possible D) made possible

70.It's harmful to one's health to __________ smoking and drinking.

A) take on B) take in C) take to D) take off

Part VI Cloze   (15 minutes)
    One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined 71 a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalize and not tied 72 any particular circumstance. Moods should be73 form emotions which are usually more intense, 74 to specific circumstances, and often conscious. 75 one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in 76 the same way as can our reactions to the 77 of our friends---when our friends are happy and “ up”, that tends to influence us positively, 78 when they are “down”, that can have a 79 impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a 80 mood state tend to react to stimuli (刺激因素) in a direction 81 with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see 82 in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 83 manner than they would when not in such a state. 84 , mood states appear capable of 85 a consumer’s memory.
    Moods appear to be 86 influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 87 of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 88 of time spent in supermarkets or 89 to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers’ moods which, in 90 , are capable of influencing consumers’ reactions to products.
71. A) as               B) about                  C) by                  D) with
72. A) over           B) under                  C) to                   D) up
73. A) derived         B) descended            C) divided            D) distinguished
74. A) related          B) referred              C) attached           D) associated
75. A) On              B) Of                     C) In                 D) By
76. A) thus             B) much                 C) even               D) still
77. A) signal            B) gesture               C) view               D) behavior
78. A) for                B) but                   C) unless              D) provided
79. A) relative          B) decisive            C) negative            D) sensitive
80. A) given            B) granted         C) fixed                D) driven
81. A) resistant       B) persistent           C) insistent            D) consistent
82. A) consumers    B) businessmen         C) retailer             D) manufacturers
83. A) casual          B) critical               C) serious             D) favorable
84. A) However       B) Otherwise           C) Moreover           D) Nevertheless
85. A) lifting          B) enhancing           C) raising             D) cultivating
86. A) readily           B) rarely               C) cautiously          D) currently
87. A) step             B) speed              C) band                 D) volume
88. A) extent           B) amount           C) scope                D) range
89. A) facilities    B) capacities          C) reflections         D) intentions
90. A) turn             B) total               C) detail                D) depth